In a legal context, what is a "deposition"?

A deposition is a legal procedure in which a person, typically a witness, provides sworn testimony outside of the courtroom. This testimony is recorded for later use during the trial process. Depositions play a crucial role in pre-trial discovery, allowing both parties to gather information and understand the evidence that will be presented. The witness is placed under oath, and the responses they give can be used to assess the strength of a case, encourage settlement discussions, or determine the necessity of calling the witness to testify in court.

The other options do not align with the definition of a deposition. A written statement submitted by a lawyer refers to documents prepared for court, which is distinct from the oral testimony of a witness. An official court document typically refers to formal filings or court orders, while a summary of evidence presented is a broader concept that does not encapsulate the specific process and purpose of a deposition itself. Therefore, the definition of a deposition as sworn out-of-court testimony from a witness is accurate and highlights its significance in legal proceedings.